Telegraph system.



- i No. 157,503, PATENTED APR. 19, 1904.

- E71-01. RUGH.

TBLEfiHAPH SYSTEM; APPLICATION, FILED AUG- 31, 1903.

no menu;

7:- 0. Hugh UNITED STAT S rammed April 19, 1904;

PATENT; OFFICE;

HARRY o. nose, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,ASSIGNOR TOWESTERN TELEG- I RAPHONE COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A onroearrouor;

SOUTH DAKOTA. V

. TELEGRAPi-I YSTEIVL' SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent no. 757,503,:dated April s, 19o4.'

Application filed August 31, 1903. Serial No. 171,398. (No model.) J i To all whom it may concern.-

; Be it known that I, HARRYC. RUGI-I, a as zen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,

have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Telegraph Systems, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

' My invention relates to telegraphy, and has for its object the provision of an improved system and apparatus whereby wave-form current as alternating current of suitably high frequency may be employed in eifecting telegraphic signals. By means of my invention the same telegraphic circuit may be simultaneously employed for both direct and waveform telegraphic currents, To this end I have devised apparatus at the stations employingthe instruments to be operated-bywave-form current that will effectively respond to the Wave-form current at the receiving-stations and which Will also be operated at, the sending station without unduly weakening the current,

, the system enabling the substantially'uniform ters of reference in the views.

operation of the sounders at the receiving and sending stations. Y

My invention will be fully pointed out in the following specification and claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which r v.

Figure 1 illustrates the preferred embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is aview in elevation of the line-relay.

Like parts are indicated by similar ch I have indicated a transmission-line l common to a plurality of telegraph-stations 2, 3, 4c, 5, 6, 7, and 8. It is understood that the number of each kind of stations may be varied. At stations 2, 5, and 8 are indicated ordinary telegraphic outfits, each including a line-relay 9, normally energized bya battery 10, a sending-key ll, anda sounder 12, whose magnet is included in a local circuit, there being but one local circuit to each of the stations 2, 5, and 8. If the line-relays are not of sufficient wave-form current that I employ to operate the apparatus at stations 3, 4 6 and 7, impedance-coils 13, preferably of low ohmic resistance, may be inserted in the line. At station 5 a condenser 14 may be employed to permit the passageof the alternating telegraphic current about the line-relayat-this station which is'to be operated only by direct or straight current I Stations 3, 4, 6, and 7 are preferably connected withthe main line by branches l5, preferably containing condensers 16.

Each line-relay 17 includes a permanentlycmagnetized corelS, whose winding may be, say, of one hundred ohms resistance andsubject to the wave-form or alternating current impressed zupon the main line. The soft-iron vibratoryrdiaphragm 19- of said relay constitutes a vibratory contact element, said I diaphragm preferably performing the functions of anal-mature and aciPcuit-contact. The diaphragmis-located before the magnet of the relay-and .liasa movable or traveling contact element QOrestingagainst the same. The

Ji contact 20 is preferably mounted upon a piv- "OtQdfi-I'IIE-QA and is given physical inertia by having a weight 22 added to the arm. Any of the currentcaused' iby the battery 10 that .may find path through :the condensers I6 to the relays 17 will fail-t0 cause effective opis maintained in engagement with'f thegfid-iaphragm not. ionly 'by reason of =the.---we=;igl1ted arm, but also by thecadjustingspringkgd that serves to regulate the degreeiofapresfsiire ofithe contact against said diaphragms ave-form current of sufiicientlyhighfrequency, howeverywill' cause separation between the diaphragm and said contact, and thereby open the subsidiary or local-relay circuit 24. This subsidiary sounder-controlling circuit I consider to be an important feature of nay-system, as it enables the highly satisfactory use of alternating current for telegraphic purpdses. It includes a battery 25 and a local relay 26,

whose armature 27 is normally attracted to impedance to prevent the wasteful passage of erably multiplied from the main line and pref eration of said relayshecause the contact 20:

maintain the sounder-circuit 28 open. This sounder-circuit includes the sounder-magnet 29, the battery 30, and the armature 27 with its back contact 32. When the relay-contacts l9 and 20 are separated under the conditions specified, the sounder-circuit is closed positively to cause a sound by the attraction of the armature. As a preferable source or supply of telegraphic current for use at each of the stations 3, 4, 6, and 7 I employ a mechanically-driven alternating-current generator 33, driven by some suitable form of prime mover, as an electric motor 34, at a sufliciently high speed. In the form shown one terminal brush of this generator is grounded, while the other is connected with an alternate contact 35 of the sending-key or switch 36, which key is connected with the conductor 15 through the helix of the line-relay. The sending-key is normally grounded through the normal contact 37 thereof, furnishing a direct path from the line-relay to the said key and ground.

The key 36 is desirably centrally pivoted and in this instance has a second alternate contact 38, that constitutes a normally free terminal of a branch conductor containing choking resistance 39, that in the circuit arrangement shown at station 3 is preferably of very low ohmic resistancesay one ohm of moderate apparent resistance or inductance. The resistance 39 at station 7 is a condenser with, say, a capacity of one-tenth a microfarad. When the key 36 is depressed, the helix of the line-relay and the resistance 39 are included in parallel paths. The less the resistance 39 the less the current from the alternating-cup rent generator passing through the line-relay at the sending-station. By making said resistance adjustable, as by the means indicated, the exact proportion of the current from the generator at the sending-station that is to pass through the line-relay may be selected. In other words I have provided subsidiary circuit connections defining a path for a portion of the telegraphic current at the sendingstation through the line-relay thereat and an additional path for said current that is independent of the line-relay.

The purpose of the resistance is to distribute the current at a sending-station, so that a portion will pass through the line-relay to operate the sounder at the sending-station, and the balance will pass over the line to operate the relay and sounder at a receiving-station.

. It is obvious that the number of generators may be reduced, as the presence of conductors carrying the wave-form current is only necessary as a supply at each station.

It is obvious that changes may readily be made in the system and apparatus of the embodiment of my invention illustratedv without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, the following:

1. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; telegraphic sounder apparatus controlled by the contacts of each relay, sending-key mechanism at each station for associating the currentsupply thereat with said line, said key being connected with the relay and having a normal contact included in the normal circuit of the relay and two alternate contacts, one constituting a terminal of said supply, and aconductor containing resistance to the currentfrom said supply having one terminal in association with the line and the other in the remaining alternate contact of said key, substantially as described.

2. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibra tory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; telegraphic sounder apparatus controlled by the contacts of each relay, sending-key mechanism at each station for associating the current-supply thereat with said line and a conductor containing resistance to the current from said supply and brought into and out of parallel relation with said relay by said key or switching mechanism, substantially as described.

3. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station including a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory con- ,tact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; telegraphic sounder apparatus controlled by the contacts of each relay. sending-key mechanism at each station for associating the currentsupply thereat with said line, said key being connected with the relay and having a normal contact included in the normal circuit of the relay and two alternate contacts, one constituting a terminal of said supply, and a conductor containing resistance to the current from said supply having one terminal in association with the line and the other in the remaining alternate contact of said key, substantially as described.

4. 'A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations, a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station in cluding a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of Wave-form current impressed upon the relay; telegraphic sounder apparatus controlled by the contacts of each relay, sendingkey mechanism at each station for associating the current-supply thereat with said line and a conductor containing resistance to the cur.- rent from said supply and brought into and out of parallel relation with said relay by said key or switching mechanism, substantially as described.

5. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraphstations, a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station com prising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; telegraphic sounder apparatus controlled by the contacts of each relay, sending-key mechanism at each station for associating the current-supply thereat with said line and subsidiary circuit connections governed by said switching mechanism and constituting a path for a portion of the cur- .rent through the line-relay at the sending-station and an additional path from the supply toward the main line independent of said relay, substantially as described.

6. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations, a supply of wave-form current at each station,'a line-relay at each station including a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and nor mally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; telegraphic sounder apparatus controlled by the contacts of each relay, sendingkey mechanism at each station for associating the current-supply thereat with said line, and subsidiary circuit connections governed by said switching mechanism and constituting a path for a portion of the current through the line-relay at the sending-station and an additional path from the supply toward the mainline independent of said relay, substantially as described.

7. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; asupply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through .the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; a telegraphicsounder at each station; a circuit at each station controlling the sounder thereat and normally closed through the contacts of the relay, a sending-key mechanism at each station and circuit connections whereby a portion only of the telegraphic current impressed at a sendingstation is directed through the line-relay to operate the sounder at the sending-station, substantially as described.

8. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station including a-vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; a telegraphic sounder at each station; acircuit at each station controlling the sounder thereat and normally closed through the contacts of the relay, a sending-key mechanism at each station and subsidiary circuit connections thrown into circuit by the sending-key or switching mechanism when operated wherebya portion only of the telegraphic current impressed at a sending-station is directed through the line-relay to operate the sounder atthe sending-station, substantially as described.

9. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet'ofthe relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; a telegraphic sounder at each station; a circuit at each station controlling the sounder thereat and normally closed through the contacts of the relay, a sending-key mechanism at each station and subsidiary circuit connections thrown into circuit by the sending-key or switching mechanism when operated whereby a portion only of the telegraphic current impressed at a sending-station is directed through the line-relay to operate the sounder at the sending-station, substantially as described.

10. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said Vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-formcurrent impressed upon the relay; a local circuit at each station including the contacts of said relay; a local relay in each local circuit; a telegraphic sounder at each station; a normally open circuit containing each sounder; and a switch controlled by each local relay operating to close its' sounder-circuit when operated upon the energization of said line-relay, substantially as described.

11. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station including a vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay, a local circuit at each station including the contacts of said relay; a local relay in each local circuit; a telegraphic sounder at each station; a normally open circuit containing each sounder; and a switch controlled by each local relay operating to close its sounder-circuit when operated upon the energization of said line-relay, substantially as described.

12. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station, a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, avibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay, a telegraphic sounder at eachstation; a circuit at each station controlling the sounder thereat and normally closed through the contacts of the relay, a sendingkey or switching mechanism at each station and means whereby the wave-form current at a sending-station effects the operation of the sounder at that station, substantially as described.

13. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of wave-form current at each station; a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet asa core for the helix of the'relay, a'vibratory contact element actuated by the magnet of the relay, and a traveling contact element possessing inertia and normally resting against said vibratory contact element but separable therefrom through the agency of wave-form current impressed upon the relay; a circuit at each station including said elements, a telegraphsounder controlled by said circuit and means whereby the outgoing Wave-form current at a sending-station will effect the operation of the telegraphic sounder at said station, substantially as described.

14:. A system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-station's; a supply of wave-form current at each station; a line-relay at each station comprising a permanent'magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, two contact elements normally in engagement controlled by the line-relay; a circuit at each station including said elements, a telegraph-sounder controlled by said circuit and means whereby the outgoing wave-form current at a sending-station will effect the operation of the telegraphic sounder at said station, substantially as described.

15. A'system of telegraphy comprising a transmission-line uniting a plurality of telegraph-stations; a supply of Wave-form current at each station; a line-sound-controlling magnet or relay at each station comprising a permanent magnet as a core for the helix of the relay, key sending mechanism, and circuit connections to define at a sending-station a path for a portion of the telegraphic current through said line-relay and a path for a por tion of the current to the telegraph-line, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 29th day of August, A. D11903.

HARRY O. RUGH.

GEORGE L. ORAGG, CARL H. CRAWFORD. 

